Supply Chain Financial Model and Development
供应链金融模式及发展

摘要

在传统的金融模式下，企业仅凭自身的信用状况及经营能力获得融资，但是中小企业往往无法获得融资。为了弥补中小企业的资金缺口，中外学者提出了供应链金融，即依据企业在供应链整个链条上的竞争地位及实力来作为评估标准。供应链金融的模式主要分为应收账款、库存、预付款融资以及战略关系融资，前三种均以质押物为担保，最后一种新兴的模式是以企业间互利共赢的合作关系作为融资基础。未来供应链金融逐渐从以核心企业主导的链条转变为平台化的供应链金融，从而形成供应链生态圈，并且大数据及区块链技术均有益于减少供应链金融实施的成本、降低其面临的风险。

Abstract

Under the traditional financial model, enterprises obtain financing based on their own credit status and operating ability. Due to lack of brilliant background, small and medium-sized enterprises are often unable to obtain financing. In order to make up for the funding gap of small and medium-sized enterprises, Chinese and foreign scholars have proposed supply chain finance, that is, the evaluation standard is based on the competitive position and strength of enterprises in the entire supply chain. The models of supply chain finance are mainly divided into accounts receivable, inventory, prepayment financing and strategic relationship financing. The first three are guaranteed by pledges, and the last emerging model is based on mutually beneficial and win-win cooperation between enterprises. In the future, supply chain finance will gradually change from a chain dominated by core enterprises to a platform-based supply chain finance, thus forming a supply chain ecosystem. Both big data and blockchain technology will help cut the cost of implementing supply chain finance and reduce the risk of supply chain finance.